Ajalugu: Liberty Square, Harju Gate & St, Rataskaevu St, St Nicholas Church, Cinema Sõprus

Liberty Square
*The most imp. square of the town, the parade square of Tallinn- Freedom Square
*Originally called Puu- ja Heinaturg (Wood &Haymarket)
-Merchants traded in wooden dishes, wheat, wool, animals etc.
*1.3 hectares
*In 1910 the square was named Peetri plats(Peter’s place)(on the occasion of the 200th anniversary of uniting EST with RUS.
*From 1923 to 1933 the square was called Freedom place.
*Then was called Freedom Square and from 1948 Võidu or Victory Square and after refaining of indipendence was clled Freedom Square
*The statue of Peter the Great was put up on the square in 1910(29sept).
-5m high(arh.-From Riga Leopold Bernhard Bernstamm
-it was removed 1may 1922.to Kadriorg behind Peter I house.(later cut into pieces)
* In the mid. Of the square –public well
*On the south side a place for the coachmen,where it was allowed to feed and water horses
*On the corner of V-Roosikrantsi street-Private school,1913-guesthouse“Peetri hotel“-then (Scandic)Hotel Palace(Elmar Lohk)
*1926-Gloria palace(Jewish businessman)arh-Theodor Skujinš(riga)(1st movie“Faust“-Now Russian Drama Theatre
-EKA-Arh. Robert Natus-Sculptored arh Jaan Koort
-It has been a central Committee of the estonian Communist party(EKP)
-Estonian Lenin Communist Youth Association(ELKNÜ)
-Tallinn Working People’s Council
NOW-Tallinn City Government(No7)(rahvusriietega naine)
Freedom Square include: Kawe Plaza(henno sillaste)and the building of the Bank of Tallinn(ühispank-arh Aare Saks)-Represent new Estonian era.
Art Hall(kunstihoone)arh- Soans and kuusik(opened 1934)
In the basement club kuku-popular meetingplace-bohemians
-niches (2nd floor) filled Neo-Classicist figures Work and Beauty(Raudsepp)
Kunstifond(alar kotli)in 1952
-Landowner’s Bank(moskvamaja)arh- Lohk-Restoran Gloria belongs to the same building(entrance relief Nightwatch(raudsepp)in the wall)
Moskva maja-Built in 1937-facade made of dolomite (saaremaa) &polished granite.The building included many cafeterias. Cafe Kultas(the owner)-cafe moskva(since 1944)
Now on the anniversay of indipendence (24feb),a parade of the defence forces is staged in the square and cultural and commercial events take place here in Summer
Kunsti hoone ja Jaani kiriku vahel started buildin Kindergarten(1820),muutus joomakohaks
Mayeri staircase-(1864-1865)-Carl August Mayer (tallinna bürgermeister)-reovated-widen.8 vaasi(linnavapid peal)
Jaani Kirik
*Designed by A.Gabler
It is the oldest gothic revival church.
It was built because of the citys growing estonian congrecation in 1862-7
-3 aisled basilica
-Both in the interior and exterior the dominant feature is the lancet arch borrowed from Gothic
-The round rose windows, symbols of silence
-The altarpiece, Christ on the Cross, is by Professor Karl Gottlieb Wenig
-The oldest chruchbell with estonian language written on it(1872)

Harju Gate
*As harju street was called Blacksmiths street in the MAs(many smithies in the neigbourhood), the gate too had the same name-Blacksmith’s Gate
*It was 1st mentioned in 1361(chronicles)
*the 5 storey main tower,no longer preserved, was 21 m high.
It had 4defence gates,5difence towers,a watermill and artificial lake.
*The gate was closed when a rampart was built in the 1530s
*was demolished in 1875
*City Gallerty is standing at the place of the former watermill
*In 1535 J von Üxküll was excecuted between the main and the foregate(because he had tortured and killed his serf matis,who had escaped to the town
Rüütli Street
*Got its name from the house that belonged Virumaa ordu komtuurile
*On that street was also towns workyard and relvakoda,Niguliste church,uus seek,hangman
*Hans Kotke&Andreas Moelevald-raiusid ilusa teravkaarse portaali.Kuldas üle Sittow(M.Sita isa)nüüd ajaloo insituut
Rüütli3,9-Tallinna Rootsi mihkli kirik
Rüütli5-Tallinna Niguliste lutherlaste usukogudus
26,28,30-aleksander tõnisson
18,20-roland Erbe
Rüütli tänaval paiknenud tööhoov muutus 14. sajandil oluliseks osaks Tallinna majanduselust.
Rataskaevu Street
*one of the oldest and most int.streets in tln
*it was located beyond the limits of the fortress and the town walls
*was a noisy and densely populated street
*here was the cabman’s stand-those who delivered stone from lasna.plateau to the construction sites of tln.
*behind that was a public bathhouse(No.44) first mentioned 1387-owner:boleman
-massage,set bones,let blood,applied cupping-glasses(kupu/tõmbe klaas)
*opposite that was a large stone-building A New Almshouse-now sportshall of the „Dynamo“ Voluntary Sports Society is here.
*House nr 46-The executioner lived here.Foreign man.wasn’t allowed to go to church and his children to school
House nr. 20-Famous painter Michel Sittow
House next to it-legend-devil celebrated his wedding since that people heard sound of many feet and nobody wanted to live there
Rataskaevu 7-until 1362 Tallinns oldest workhouse(Marstall)
*sai nime nurgal asunud vana kaevu järgi
Nr9-barokk-many ümberehitusi
Nr.5-1985 restoran kompleks.at 1st Raeköök.now beer haus
St.Nicholas Church
*The church is situated at Harjumägi at the foot of Toompea Hill
*The Niguliste Church was founded in 1230 by German merchants who moved to Tallinn from Gotland
*The Late-Gothic style
*the church was dedicated to St. Nicholas,the patron saints of merchants and seamen.
*By the 13th cent the fortified church of Niguliste was completed.
IT IS THE ONLY FORTIFIED CHURCH IN TALLINN.
*main entrance in northen wall-the shortest way to the town centre
*By the end 15th cent. Town became wealthy-decided to make the church larger
*Several chapels were added to the church
*At first the church was a low 3-naved basilica.
*after the big fire it was rebuilt to ture to style Gothic style
*It had many reconstructions due to the weak foundation.
*spire from 16 th cent.
*The main altarpiece is mady by Herman Rhode(1481)-1250 marka-donations of citizens.
*christmas,easter,and other imp holidays
*During the Reformation –valuable works of art destroyed-Locks of the door of N had been poured full of melted lead-only church whos paintings survived.
*In 1944 Niguliste caught fire during the bombing of Tallinn-the roofs,the spire and a large part of interior was destroyed in flames.
*the church was reopened only in 1984 as a museum of Medieval art and a concert hall
*The biggest medieval art treasure in Niguliste and the whole of tallinn is a painting in the danse macabre theme created by the Lübeck master Bernt Notke
-It symbolizes the inevitable of death
-It is the original painting
Harju street
*Most part of the harju street was demolished in 1944 9march during the momb raid .
*statue was set up to Eduard Vilde whose workhouse was on that street.
*PS!J.Üxküll was executed here.(ristikujuline märk)
*The street had also names like Seppade tn, Kannuvalajate tn,tinavalajate tn.
*Harju tn1-writers house designed in 1963 arh August&Volberg
*Kuninga street corner-writer J.Smuuli memorial plate(skulp-Matti Varik,arhMurdmaa)
J.Smuul was the chairman of the board of the Estonian Writers Union-many years
Talinn business centre-praegu prive maja
Now Americana Pizza-once was city gate-Smiths Gate
On that street was also hotel Kuld Lõvi and cinema Amor
Harju 9-Pankhouse arh-rosenbaum-Höppeneri draakonid fassaadil.now cinemastudio Tln Movie
Müürivahe street
*The sreets different part had different names-Zwischen den Mauern(müüride vahel), rannawäerawa and Wirrowärrawa walli wahhel and wirrowärrawa ja karriwärrawa walli wahhel.
*in 1872 the street got its official name Müürivahe street
*Assauwe tower
-the name is estonian and comes from the name of the town’s herdsman Asso or Assauwe, whose house was on the corner of Harju and müürivahe streets in the 14th cent
-The tower originates from the same period-but later was built higher
-since 1930 the towe houses the Theater and Music Museum
Cinema Sõprus
-it was built in 1950-1955 by arh Peeter Tarvas & August Volber
-It has 2 halls,800 seats
-Stalin Klassitsist
-at first cinema spartacus(Wendach)